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Ancestor membership does not transfer phenotype values between groups.","importantHtml":""},"sections":[{"bodyHtml":"<p>The genetics of childhood absence epilepsy are complex and not completely understood. It is thought that multiple genetic changes or a combination of genetic and environmental factors contribute to development of the condition. Most genetic changes associated with childhood absence epilepsy are rare, having been found in only a small number of affected individuals. Each genetic change appears to play a role in some populations but not others.</p><p>Several genes associated with childhood absence epilepsy provide instructions for making pieces (subunits) of the GABAA receptor protein. The GABAA receptor acts as a channel that allows negatively charged chlorine atoms (chloride ions) to cross the cell membrane. The influx of chloride ions in nerve cells (neurons) in developed brains creates an environment that blocks (inhibits) signaling between neurons and prevents the brain from being overloaded with too many signals. Mutations in GABAA receptor subunit genes lead to production of altered subunit proteins that cannot form functional receptors, so fewer GABAA receptors are available. As a result, neurons become overloaded with signals. Researchers believe that the overstimulation of certain neurons in the brain triggers the abnormal brain activity associated with seizures.</p><p>Problems with another type of ion channel, called a calcium channel, are also associated with childhood absence epilepsy. Calcium channels transport positively charged calcium atoms (calcium ions) into cells. These channels help control the release of neurotransmitters, which are chemicals that relay signals from one neuron to another. Mutations that result in overactive calcium channels cause certain neurons to become overstimulated, triggering seizures.</p><p>Mutations in other genes that do not provide instructions for making ion channels have also been associated with childhood absence epilepsy. It is not clear how these changes are involved in the development of absence seizures.</p><p class=\"section-source\"><a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/childhood-absence-epilepsy/#causes\">MedlinePlus Genetics: Causes</a></p>","key":"forms","title":"What causes Childhood absence epilepsy?"},{"bodyHtml":"<p>Some affected individuals have febrile seizures before they develop childhood absence epilepsy. Febrile seizures are involuntary muscle contractions (convulsions) brought on by a high body temperature (fever).</p><p>In most people with childhood absence epilepsy, the absence seizures disappear in adolescence. However, some affected individuals continue to have absence seizures into adulthood, or they may develop generalized tonic-clonic seizures, which cause muscle rigidity, convulsions, and loss of consciousness, or myoclonic seizures, which are characterized by rapid, uncontrolled muscle jerks.</p><p class=\"section-source\">Source: <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/childhood-absence-epilepsy\">MedlinePlus Genetics</a></p>","key":"overview","title":"Condition overview"}],"sharedSources":[],"slug":"childhood-absence-epilepsy","sourceDocuments":[{"name":"Childhood absence epilepsy","reviewed":"2018-08","sections":{"causes":{"fetchedAt":"2026-10-20T20:20:14.246476+00:00","label":"Causes","pageSha256":"504f796622e8d50f663a1b1f88d4eb802aa4c84d1698a0e0d8ada845181fba40","sourceUrl":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/childhood-absence-epilepsy/#causes","status":"available"}},"source_release":"2026-10-01","url":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/childhood-absence-epilepsy"}],"sourceNote":"MedlinePlus descriptions and Causes; original HPO annotations.","takeawayHtml":"Cause explanations are from MedlinePlus Genetics. Feature values below retain their original sources and patient groups.","title":"Childhood absence epilepsy"},"schemaVersion":1}