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Ancestor membership does not transfer phenotype values between groups.","importantHtml":""},"sections":[{"bodyHtml":"<p>Variants (also called mutations) in the FOXP2 gene cause FOXP2-related speech and language disorder. The FOXP2 gene provides instructions for making a protein that acts as a transcription factor, which means that it controls the activity of other genes. Researchers suspect that this protein plays an important role in the functioning of synapses, which are the connections between nerve cells (neurons) where cell-to-cell communication occurs.</p><p>In people with FOXP2-related speech and language disorder, variants in the FOXP2 gene cause cells to produce an abnormal version of the FOXP2 protein that does not function properly. Because the FOXP2 protein is a transcription factor, changes in the protein&#x27;s activity affect the activity of other genes in the developing brain. Researchers suspect that many of the genes targeted by the FOXP2 protein play important roles in brain development and the connections between neurons.</p><p>The FOXP2 gene is one of the genes found on chromosome 7. When large deletions or rearrangements of genetic material on this chromosome affect the FOXP2 gene and neighboring genes, it can cause a disorder known as FOXP2-plus-related speech and language disorder. Because other genes are involved, individuals with FOXP2-plus-related speech and language disorder are more likely to have features such as developmental delays and autism spectrum disorder than individuals who only have a variant in the FOXP2 gene.</p><p class=\"section-source\"><a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/foxp2-related-speech-and-language-disorder/#causes\">MedlinePlus Genetics: Causes</a></p>","key":"forms","title":"What causes FOXP2-related speech and language disorder?"},{"bodyHtml":"<p>In addition to having problems with producing speech (expressive language), people with FOXP2-related speech and language disorder may have difficulty understanding speech (receptive language). Some affected individuals also have trouble with other language-related skills, such as reading, spelling, and grammar.</p><p>Less commonly, individuals with FOXP2-related speech and language disorder have features of autism spectrum disorder, which is a condition characterized by impaired social skills and communication problems. Some affected individuals have difficulty with motor skills such as walking, writing, or buttoning clothes, but these typically improve with treatment. Some affected individuals may have learning difficulties.</p><p class=\"section-source\">Source: <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/foxp2-related-speech-and-language-disorder\">MedlinePlus Genetics</a></p>","key":"overview","title":"Condition overview"}],"sharedSources":[],"slug":"foxp2-related-speech-and-language-disorder","sourceDocuments":[{"name":"FOXP2-related speech and language disorder","reviewed":"2025-03","sections":{"causes":{"fetchedAt":"2026-10-20T20:21:34.691368+00:00","label":"Causes","pageSha256":"a1aef6f04e028b3e95f101c9d6ce2b7089a2a29961eef1b8a3e554e19358d144","sourceUrl":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/foxp2-related-speech-and-language-disorder/#causes","status":"available"}},"source_release":"2026-10-01","url":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/foxp2-related-speech-and-language-disorder"}],"sourceNote":"MedlinePlus descriptions and Causes; original HPO annotations.","takeawayHtml":"Cause explanations are from MedlinePlus Genetics. Feature values below retain their original sources and patient groups.","title":"FOXP2-related speech and language disorder"},"schemaVersion":1}