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Ancestor membership does not transfer phenotype values between groups.","importantHtml":""},"sections":[{"bodyHtml":"<p>HGPPS is caused by variants (also called mutations) in the ROBO3 gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the developing brain before birth. Specifically, this protein is important for communication across the two sides (hemispheres) of the brain.</p><p>The ROBO3 protein is important for forming certain nerve pathways in the brain. These include motor nerve pathways, which transmit information about voluntary muscle movement, and sensory nerve pathways, which transmit information about sensory input (such as touch, pain, and temperature). For the brain and the body to communicate effectively, these nerve pathways must cross from one side of the body to the other in the brainstem. The ROBO3 protein is necessary to ensure that motor and sensory nerve pathways can cross over in the brainstem. In people with HGPPS, these pathways do not cross over; they stay on the same side of the body.</p><p>Researchers believe that this miswiring in the brain caused by the lack of the ROBO3 protein is the underlying cause of the eye movement abnormalities that are associated with HGPPS. The cause of progressive scoliosis in people with this condition is unclear.</p><p class=\"section-source\"><a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/horizontal-gaze-palsy-with-progressive-scoliosis/#causes\">MedlinePlus Genetics: Causes</a></p>","key":"forms","title":"What causes Horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis?"},{"bodyHtml":"<p>In people with HGPPS, an abnormal side-to-side curvature of the spine (scoliosis) develops between infancy and childhood. It tends to be moderate to severe and worsens over time. The abnormal spine position can be painful and can interfere with movement. In severe cases, it may impede breathing. It may require external support, such as bracing, and is often treated with surgery early in life.</p><p>People with HGPPS have structural abnormalities along the midline of the brain that can only be seen with medical imaging. This imaging shows distinctive malformations that include underdevelopment of brain structures called the pons and cerebellar peduncles and a notch or cleft in the midline of the brain. While most people with HGPPS have a normal intellect, mild intellectual disabilities can occur.</p><p class=\"section-source\">Source: <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/horizontal-gaze-palsy-with-progressive-scoliosis\">MedlinePlus Genetics</a></p>","key":"overview","title":"Condition overview"}],"sharedSources":[],"slug":"horizontal-gaze-palsy-with-progressive-scoliosis","sourceDocuments":[{"name":"Horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis","reviewed":"2025-04","sections":{"causes":{"fetchedAt":"2026-10-20T20:22:15.551746+00:00","label":"Causes","pageSha256":"488fc07e5fa3e4a6ede63ee6abcad77ad2401e349b39d033d3e97a7ea88b04dc","sourceUrl":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/horizontal-gaze-palsy-with-progressive-scoliosis/#causes","status":"available"}},"source_release":"2026-10-01","url":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/horizontal-gaze-palsy-with-progressive-scoliosis"}],"sourceNote":"MedlinePlus descriptions and Causes; original HPO annotations.","takeawayHtml":"Cause explanations are from MedlinePlus Genetics. Feature values below retain their original sources and patient groups.","title":"Horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis"},"schemaVersion":1}