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Ancestor membership does not transfer phenotype values between groups.","importantHtml":""},"sections":[{"bodyHtml":"<p>Nonsyndromic aplasia cutis congenita can have different causes, and often the cause is unknown. Because the condition is sometimes found in multiple members of a family, it is thought to have a genetic component; however, the genetic factors are not fully understood. Researchers suggest that genes important for skin growth may be involved. It is thought that impairments of skin growth more commonly affect the skin at the top of the head because that region needs to be able to grow quickly to cover the fast-growing skull of a developing baby.</p><p>In some cases, nonsyndromic aplasia cutis congenita is caused by exposure to a drug called methimazole before birth. This medication is given to treat an overactive thyroid gland. Babies whose mothers take this medication during pregnancy are at increased risk of having the condition. In addition, certain viral infections in a pregnant mother can cause the baby to be born with the skin lesions characteristic of nonsyndromic aplasia cutis congenita. Other cases are thought to be caused by injury to the baby during development.</p><p class=\"section-source\"><a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/nonsyndromic-aplasia-cutis-congenita/#causes\">MedlinePlus Genetics: Causes</a></p>","key":"forms","title":"What causes Nonsyndromic aplasia cutis congenita?"},{"bodyHtml":"<p>Most affected babies have a single lesion. The lesions vary in size and can be differently shaped: some are round or oval, others rectangular, and still others star-shaped. They usually leave a scar after they heal. When the scalp is involved, there may be an absence of hair growth (alopecia) in the affected area.</p><p>When the underlying bone and other tissues are involved, affected individuals are at higher risk of infections. If these severe defects occur on the head, the membrane that covers the brain (the dura mater) may be exposed, and life-threatening bleeding may occur from nearby vessels.</p><p>Skin lesions are typically the only feature of nonsyndromic aplasia cutis congenita, although other skin problems and abnormalities of the bones and other tissues occur rarely. However, the characteristic skin lesions can occur as one of many symptoms in other conditions, including Johanson-Blizzard syndrome and Adams-Oliver syndrome. These instances are described as syndromic aplasia cutis congenita.</p><p class=\"section-source\">Source: <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/nonsyndromic-aplasia-cutis-congenita\">MedlinePlus Genetics</a></p>","key":"overview","title":"Condition overview"}],"sharedSources":[],"slug":"nonsyndromic-aplasia-cutis-congenita","sourceDocuments":[{"name":"Nonsyndromic aplasia cutis congenita","reviewed":"2013-08","sections":{"causes":{"fetchedAt":"2026-10-20T20:23:48.616647+00:00","label":"Causes","pageSha256":"3a4dc654c38894a0efd81b3d0e742669de733f8a59be340a00cb580993938a62","sourceUrl":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/nonsyndromic-aplasia-cutis-congenita/#causes","status":"available"}},"source_release":"2026-10-01","url":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/nonsyndromic-aplasia-cutis-congenita"}],"sourceNote":"MedlinePlus descriptions and Causes; original HPO annotations.","takeawayHtml":"Cause explanations are from MedlinePlus Genetics. Feature values below retain their original sources and patient groups.","title":"Nonsyndromic aplasia cutis congenita"},"schemaVersion":1}