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system","onset_id":null,"reference":"ORPHA:742","source_release":"2026-06-23"},"sourceGroups":["orphanet"]},{"frequencyKind":"count","key":"f87e698a5a4b847fac60fe1e58fe671bbdbeebaa6e33ead4ff6d14c6a8d8b169","raw":{"aspect":"P","body_system":"blood","disease_id":"OMIM:170100","disease_name":"Prolidase deficiency","evidence":"PCS","frequency_raw":"3/4","hpo_id":"HP:0000967","is_excluded":false,"label":"Petechiae","onset_id":null,"reference":"PMID:16470701","source_release":"2026-06-23"},"sourceGroups":["published"]}],"referenceLabels":{},"references":{"causeHtml":"<ul><li><a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/prolidase-deficiency\">Prolidase deficiency</a></li></ul>","identityNote":"MONDO cross-references identify native condition entries. Ancestor membership does not transfer phenotype values between groups.","importantHtml":""},"sections":[{"bodyHtml":"<p>Prolidase deficiency is caused by mutations in the PEPD gene. This gene provides instructions for making the enzyme prolidase, also called peptidase D. Prolidase helps divide certain dipeptides, which are molecules composed of two protein building blocks (amino acids). Specifically, prolidase divides dipeptides containing the amino acids proline or hydroxyproline. By freeing these amino acids, prolidase helps make them available for use in producing proteins that the body needs.</p><p>Prolidase is also involved in the final step of the breakdown of some proteins obtained through the diet and proteins that are no longer needed in the body. Prolidase is particularly important in the breakdown of collagens, a family of proteins that are rich in proline and hydroxyproline. Collagens are an important part of the extracellular matrix, which is the lattice of proteins and other molecules outside the cell. The extracellular matrix strengthens and supports connective tissues, such as skin, bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. Collagen breakdown occurs during the maintenance (remodeling) of the extracellular matrix.</p><p>PEPD gene mutations that cause prolidase deficiency result in the loss of prolidase enzyme activity. It is not well understood how the absence of prolidase activity causes the various signs and symptoms of prolidase deficiency. Researchers have suggested that accumulation of dipeptides that have not been broken down may lead to cell death. When cells die, their contents are released into the surrounding tissue, which could cause inflammation and lead to the skin problems seen in prolidase deficiency. Impaired collagen breakdown during remodeling of the extracellular matrix may also contribute to the skin problems. The intellectual disability that occurs in prolidase deficiency might result from problems in processing neuropeptides, which are brain signaling proteins that are rich in proline. It is unclear how absence of prolidase activity results in the other features of prolidase deficiency.</p><p class=\"section-source\"><a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/prolidase-deficiency/#causes\">MedlinePlus Genetics: Causes</a></p>","key":"forms","title":"What causes Prolidase deficiency?"},{"bodyHtml":"<p>Characteristic facial features in people with prolidase deficiency include prominent eyes that are widely spaced (hypertelorism), a high forehead, a flat bridge of the nose, and a very small lower jaw and chin (micrognathia). Affected children may experience delayed development, and about 75 percent of people with prolidase deficiency have intellectual disability that may range from mild to severe.</p><p>People with prolidase deficiency often develop skin lesions, especially on their hands, feet, lower legs, and face. The severity of the skin involvement, which usually begins during childhood, may range from a mild rash to severe skin ulcers. Skin ulcers, especially on the legs, may not heal completely, resulting in complications including infection and amputation.</p><p>The severity of symptoms in prolidase deficiency varies greatly among affected individuals. Some people with this disorder do not have any symptoms. In these individuals the condition can be detected by laboratory tests such as newborn screening tests or tests offered to relatives of affected individuals.</p><p class=\"section-source\">Source: <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/prolidase-deficiency\">MedlinePlus Genetics</a></p>","key":"overview","title":"Condition overview"}],"sharedSources":[],"slug":"prolidase-deficiency","sourceDocuments":[{"name":"Prolidase deficiency","reviewed":"2012-02","sections":{"causes":{"fetchedAt":"2026-10-20T20:24:28.799603+00:00","label":"Causes","pageSha256":"b6867432c7f9551e0d9d0eb4887c2a830d64e06acb4f4c56efc9fb244141edc6","sourceUrl":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/prolidase-deficiency/#causes","status":"available"}},"source_release":"2026-10-01","url":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/prolidase-deficiency"}],"sourceNote":"MedlinePlus descriptions and Causes; original HPO annotations.","takeawayHtml":"Cause explanations are from MedlinePlus Genetics. Feature values below retain their original sources and patient groups.","title":"Prolidase deficiency"},"schemaVersion":1}