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Ancestor membership does not transfer phenotype values between groups.","importantHtml":""},"sections":[{"bodyHtml":"<p>Variants in the VWF gene cause von Willebrand disease. The VWF gene provides instructions for making a blood clotting protein called von Willebrand factor, which is essential for the formation of blood clots.</p><p>After an injury, clots protect the body by sealing off damaged blood vessels and preventing further blood loss. Von Willebrand factor acts as a glue that holds blood clots together and prevents the breakdown of other blood clotting proteins. If von Willebrand factor does not function normally or too little of the protein is available, blood clots cannot form properly. Abnormally slow blood clotting causes the prolonged bleeding episodes seen in people with von Willebrand disease.</p><p>The three types of von Willebrand disease are classified based on the amount of von Willebrand factor that is produced or its ability to function. Variants in the VWF gene that reduce the amount of von Willebrand factor cause type 1 von Willebrand disease. In type 1C, the amount of von Willebrand factor is low because the protein is removed from the body more quickly than usual. People with type 1 von Willebrand disease have varying amounts of von Willebrand factor in their bloodstream. Some people with a mild case of type 1 never experience a prolonged bleeding episode.</p><p>Variants that impair the function of von Willebrand factor cause the four subtypes of type 2 von Willebrand disease. Affected individuals produce a normal amount of von Willebrand factor, but the protein cannot function properly.</p><p>In type 2A, von Willebrand factor is not the right size and cannot help form clots.</p><p>In type 2B, von Willebrand factor forms clots too easily. The clots are removed from the body, so there is not enough von Willebrand factor available when it is needed for clotting.</p><p>In types 2M and 2N, von Willebrand factor is unable to interact with other structures or proteins needed to form blood clots.</p><p>People with type 2 von Willebrand disease can have bleeding episodes of varying severity depending on the extent of the von Willebrand factor abnormalities, but the bleeding episodes are typically similar to those seen in type 1.</p><p>Variants that severely reduce or eliminate von Willebrand factor cause type 3 von Willebrand disease. People with type 3 von Willebrand disease usually have severe bleeding episodes.</p><p class=\"section-source\"><a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/von-willebrand-disease/#causes\">MedlinePlus Genetics: Causes</a></p>","key":"forms","title":"What causes Von Willebrand disease?"},{"bodyHtml":"<p>Von Willebrand disease is divided into three types. Type 1 has one subtype (1C), and type 2 is divided into four subtypes (2A, 2B, 2M, and 2N). Type 1 is the most common of the three types, accounting for 75 percent of affected individuals. Type 1 is typically mild, but some people are severely affected. Type 2 accounts for about 15 percent of cases. This type is usually of intermediate severity. Type 3 is the rarest form of the condition, accounting for about 5 percent of affected individuals, and is usually the most severe.</p><p>Another form of the disorder, acquired von Willebrand syndrome, is not caused by inherited gene variants (also called mutations).  Acquired von Willebrand syndrome is typically seen in people with other disorders, such as diseases that affect bone marrow or immune cell function. This rare form of the condition is characterized by abnormal bleeding into the skin and other soft tissues, usually beginning in adulthood.</p><p class=\"section-source\">Source: <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/von-willebrand-disease\">MedlinePlus Genetics</a></p>","key":"overview","title":"Condition overview"}],"sharedSources":[],"slug":"von-willebrand-disease","sourceDocuments":[{"name":"Von Willebrand disease","reviewed":"2023-08","sections":{"causes":{"fetchedAt":"2026-10-20T20:25:43.958022+00:00","label":"Causes","pageSha256":"57bd1f6491d241da39f890c6ff8ea45197c0566bbd2fe586e860ff2fdd21b087","sourceUrl":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/von-willebrand-disease/#causes","status":"available"}},"source_release":"2026-10-01","url":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/von-willebrand-disease"}],"sourceNote":"MedlinePlus descriptions and Causes; original HPO annotations.","takeawayHtml":"Cause explanations are from MedlinePlus Genetics. Feature values below retain their original sources and patient groups.","title":"Von Willebrand disease"},"schemaVersion":1}