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Ancestor membership does not transfer phenotype values between groups.","importantHtml":""},"sections":[{"bodyHtml":"<p>Mutations in the DDX11 gene cause Warsaw breakage syndrome. The DDX11 gene provides instructions for making an enzyme called ChlR1. This enzyme functions as a helicase. Helicases are enzymes that attach (bind) to DNA and temporarily unwind the two spiral strands (double helix) of the DNA molecule. This unwinding is necessary for copying (replicating) DNA in preparation for cell division, and for repairing damaged DNA and any errors that are made when DNA is copied. In addition, after DNA is copied, ChlR1 plays a role in ensuring proper separation of each chromosome during cell division. By helping repair errors in DNA and ensuring proper DNA replication, the ChlR1 enzyme is involved in maintaining the stability of a cell&#x27;s genetic information.</p><p>DDX11 gene mutations severely reduce or completely eliminate ChlR1 enzyme activity. As a result, the enzyme cannot bind to DNA and cannot unwind the DNA strands to help with DNA replication and repair. A lack of functional ChlR1 impairs cell division and leads to an accumulation of DNA damage. This DNA damage can appear as breaks in the DNA, giving the condition its name. It is unclear how these problems in DNA maintenance lead to the specific abnormalities characteristic of Warsaw breakage syndrome.</p><p class=\"section-source\"><a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/warsaw-breakage-syndrome/#causes\">MedlinePlus Genetics: Causes</a></p>","key":"forms","title":"What causes Warsaw breakage syndrome?"},{"bodyHtml":"<p class=\"section-source\">Source: <a href=\"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/warsaw-breakage-syndrome\">MedlinePlus Genetics</a></p>","key":"overview","title":"Condition overview"}],"sharedSources":[],"slug":"warsaw-breakage-syndrome","sourceDocuments":[{"name":"Warsaw breakage syndrome","reviewed":"2014-02","sections":{"causes":{"fetchedAt":"2026-10-20T20:25:47.203728+00:00","label":"Causes","pageSha256":"c0743adcc4582337c93bec8d2366289b56ceac1093f6496f2c3df056f23dd223","sourceUrl":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/warsaw-breakage-syndrome/#causes","status":"available"}},"source_release":"2026-10-01","url":"https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/warsaw-breakage-syndrome"}],"sourceNote":"MedlinePlus descriptions and Causes; original HPO annotations.","takeawayHtml":"Cause explanations are from MedlinePlus Genetics. Feature values below retain their original sources and patient groups.","title":"Warsaw breakage syndrome"},"schemaVersion":1}